02509nas a2200145   4500008003900000245012100039210006900160300001400229490000700243520199900250100002202249700001502271700002002286856005702306       2014                          d00aImplementation of marine spatial planning in shellfish aquaculture management: modeling studies in a Norwegian fjord0 aImplementation of marine spatial planning in shellfish aquacultu  a832–8430 v243 aShellfish carrying capacity is determined by the interaction of a cultured species
with its ecosystem, which is strongly influenced by hydrodynamics. Water circulation controls
the exchange of matter between farms and the adjacent areas, which in turn establishes the
nutrient supply that supports phytoplankton populations. The complexity of water circulation
makes necessary the use of hydrodynamic models with detailed spatial resolution in carrying
capacity estimations. This detailed spatial resolution also allows for the study of processes that
depend on specific spatial arrangements, e.g., the most suitable location to place farms, which
is crucial for marine spatial planning, and consequently for decision support systems. In the
present study, a fully spatial physical-biogeochemical model has been combined with scenario
building and optimization techniques as a proof of concept of the use of ecosystem modeling
as an objective tool to inform marine spatial planning. The object of this exercise was to
generate objective knowledge based on an ecosystem approach to establish new mussel
aquaculture areas in a Norwegian fjord. Scenario building was used to determine the best
location of a pump that can be used to bring nutrient-rich deep waters to the euphotic layer,
increasing primary production, and consequently, carrying capacity for mussel cultivation. In
addition, an optimization tool, parameter estimation (PEST), was applied to the optimal
location and mussel standing stock biomass that maximize production, according to a
preestablished carrying capacity criterion. Optimization tools allow us to make rational and
transparent decisions to solve a well-defined question, decisions that are essential for policy
makers. The outcomes of combining ecosystem models with scenario building and
optimization facilitate planning based on an ecosystem approach, highlighting the capabilities
of ecosystem modeling as a tool for marine spatial planning.1 aFilgueira, Ramón1 aGrant, Jon1 aStrand, Øivind  uhttp://www.esajournals.org/doi/pdf/10.1890/13-0479.101899nas a2200157   4500008003900000245009200039210006900131260001200200300001400212520131800226100002201544700002101566700001901587700001501606856012001621       2014                          d00aStorm-induced changes in coastal geomorphology control estuarine secondary productivity0 aStorminduced changes in coastal geomorphology control estuarine   c01/2014  an/a - n/a3 aEstuarine ecosystems are highly sensitive not only to projected effects of climate change such as ocean warming, acidification, and sea-level rise but also to the incidence of nor'easter storms and hurricanes. The effects of storms and hurricanes can be extreme, with immediate impact on coastal geomorphology and water circulation, which is integral to estuarine function and consequently to provision of ecosystem services. In this article, we present the results of a natural estuarine-scale experiment on the effects of changes in coastal geomorphology on hydrodynamics and aquaculture production. A bay in Prince Edward Island, Canada, was altered when a nor'easter storm eroded a second tidal inlet through a barrier island. Previous field and modeling studies allowed a comparison of prestorm and post-storm circulation, food limitation by cultured mussels, and aquaculture harvest. Dramatic increases in mussel production occurred in the year following the opening of the new inlet. Model studies showed that post-storm circulation reduced food limitation for cultured mussels, allowing greater growth. Climate change is expected to have severe effects on the delivery of marine ecosystem services to human populations by changing the underlying physical-biological coupling inherent to their functioning.1 aFilgueira, Ramón1 aGuyondet, Thomas1 aComeau, Luc, A1 aGrant, Jon  uhttp://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/2013EF000145/abstract;jsessionid=DBD0FB7B2443BD9C9D658F85A42F41FD.f04t0400507nas a2200145   4500008003900000245008700039210007100126300001000197490000600207100002200213700001500235700002000250700002000270856007100290       2012                          d00aA physical–biogeochemical coupling scheme for modeling marine coastal ecosystems0 aphysical–biogeochemical coupling scheme for modeling marine coas  a71-800 v71 aFilgueira, Ramón1 aGrant, Jon1 aBacher, Cédric1 aCarreau, Michel  uhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S157495411100097501466nas a2200109   4500008003900000245010000039210006900139520099100208100002101199700001501220856012101235       2009                          d00aA Box Model for Ecosystem-Level Management of Mussel Culture Carrying Capacity in a Coastal Bay0 aBox Model for EcosystemLevel Management of Mussel Culture Carryi3 a<p>The carrying capacity of shellfish aquaculture is determined by the interaction of cultured species with the ecosystem, particularly food availability to suspension feeders. A multiple box dynamic ecosystem model was constructed to examine the carrying capacity for mussel (Mytilus edulis) aquaculture in Tracadie Bay, Prince of Edward Island, Canada. Criteria for carrying capacity were based on chlorophyll concentration. The model was run in two different years (1998 and 1999) in which time series for three points inside the bay and a point outside the bay were available. This data set allows spatial validation of the ecosystem model and assessment of its sensitivity to changes in boundary conditions. The model validation process indicated that the differential equations and parameters used in the simulation provided robust prediction of the ecological dynamics within the bay. Results verified that mussel biomass exerts top-down control of phytoplankton populations.</p>1 aFilgueira, Ramon1 aGrant, Jon  u//www.simulistics.com/publications/box-model-ecosystem-level-management-mussel-culture-carrying-capacity-coastal-bay02788nas a2200265   4500008003900000245013300039210006900172260001100241300001200252490000800264520188500272653001602157653002202173653002002195653002102215653001202236100001502248700002402263700002402287700002002311700002002331700002602351700001802377856012702395       2007                          d00aA box model of carrying capacity for suspended mussel aquaculture in Lagune de la Grande-Entrée, Iles-de-la-Madeleine, Québec 0 abox model of carrying capacity for suspended mussel aquaculture   c1/2007  a193-2060 v2003 a<p>An object-oriented model of environment&ndash;mussel aquaculture interactions and mussel carrying-capacity within Lagune de la Grande-Entr&eacute;e (GEL), Iles-de-la-Madeleine, Qu&eacute;bec, was constructed to assist in development of sustainable mussel culture in this region. A multiple box ecosystem model for GEL tied to the output of a hydrodynamic model was constructed using Simile software, which has inherent ability to represent spatial elements and specify water exchange between modelled regions. Mussel growth and other field data were used for model validation. Plackett&ndash;Burman sensitivity analysis demonstrated that a variety of bioenergetic parameters of zooplankton and phytoplankton submodels were important in model outcomes. Model results demonstrated that mussel aquaculture can be further developed throughout the lagoon. At present culture densities, phytoplankton depletion is minimal, and there is little food limitation of mussel growth. Results indicated that increased stocking density of mussels in the existing farm will lead to decreased mass per individual mussel. Depending on the location of new farm emplacement within the lagoon, implementation of new aquaculture sites either reduced mussel growth in the existing farm due to depletion of phytoplankton, or exhibited minimum negative impact on the existing farm. With development throughout GEL, an excess of phytoplankton was observed during the year in all modelled regions, even at stocking densities as high as 20&nbsp;mussels&nbsp;m<sup>&minus;3</sup>. Although mussels cultured at this density do not substantially impact the ecosystem, their growth is controlled by the flux of phytoplankton food and abundance of zooplankton competitors. This model provides an effective tool to examine expansion of shellfish farming to new areas, balancing culture location and density.</p>10aAquaculture10aCarrying-capacity10aEcosystem model10aMagdalen Islands10aMussels1 aGrant, Jon1 aCurran, Kristian, J1 aGuyondet, Thomas, L1 aTita, Guglielmo1 aBacher, Cédric1 aKoutitonsky, Vladimir1 aDowd, Michael  u//www.simulistics.com/publications/box-model-carrying-capacity-suspended-mussel-aquaculture-lagune-de-la-grande-entr-e-ile