<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="6.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Erik Braudeaua</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rabi H. Mohtar</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Modeling the soil system: Bridging the gap between pedology and soil–water physics</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Global and Planetary Change</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2009</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">05/2009</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2008.12.002    </style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elsevier B.V</style></publisher><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">67</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">51-61</style></pages><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: arial; line-height: 18px; &quot;&gt;The biological and geochemical processes in soil such as organic matter mineralization, microbiological activity, and plant alimentation can be accurately assessed and modeled only with the knowledge of the thermodynamic status of the soil medium where these processes take place. However, current soil water models do not define and characterize the soil structure or the thermodynamic state of the soil water interacting with this structure. This article presents a new paradigm in characterizing and&amp;nbsp;&lt;a name=&quot;hit2&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration: none; color: rgb(0, 0, 255); &quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&amp;amp;_udi=B6VF0-4V94X09-3&amp;amp;_user=10&amp;amp;_coverDate=05%2F31%2F2009&amp;amp;_alid=917157004&amp;amp;_rdoc=5&amp;amp;_fmt=high&amp;amp;_orig=search&amp;amp;_cdi=5996&amp;amp;_sort=d&amp;amp;_docanchor=&amp;amp;view=c&amp;amp;_ct=367&amp;amp;_acct=C000050221&amp;amp;_version=1&amp;amp;_urlVersion=0&amp;amp;_userid=10&amp;amp;md5=64052ee8ed7a03778c1fbd30ceab1ad2#hit1&quot; style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 255); text-decoration: none; &quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;http://www.sciencedirect.com/scidirimg/sci_dir/prevterm.gif&quot; alt=&quot;previous term&quot; title=&quot;previous term&quot; width=&quot;7&quot; height=&quot;11&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 1em; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; &quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;hit&quot; style=&quot;color: rgb(255, 0, 0); font-weight: bold; &quot;&gt;modeling&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&amp;amp;_udi=B6VF0-4V94X09-3&amp;amp;_user=10&amp;amp;_coverDate=05%2F31%2F2009&amp;amp;_alid=917157004&amp;amp;_rdoc=5&amp;amp;_fmt=high&amp;amp;_orig=search&amp;amp;_cdi=5996&amp;amp;_sort=d&amp;amp;_docanchor=&amp;amp;view=c&amp;amp;_ct=367&amp;amp;_acct=C000050221&amp;amp;_version=1&amp;amp;_urlVersion=0&amp;amp;_userid=10&amp;amp;md5=64052ee8ed7a03778c1fbd30ceab1ad2#hit3&quot; style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 255); text-decoration: none; &quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;http://www.sciencedirect.com/scidirimg/sci_dir/nextterm.gif&quot; alt=&quot;next term&quot; title=&quot;next term&quot; width=&quot;7&quot; height=&quot;11&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 1em; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; &quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;the organized soil medium and the physical properties resulting from this organization. It describes a framework of the&amp;nbsp;&lt;a name=&quot;hit3&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration: none; color: rgb(0, 0, 255); &quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&amp;amp;_udi=B6VF0-4V94X09-3&amp;amp;_user=10&amp;amp;_coverDate=05%2F31%2F2009&amp;amp;_alid=917157004&amp;amp;_rdoc=5&amp;amp;_fmt=high&amp;amp;_orig=search&amp;amp;_cdi=5996&amp;amp;_sort=d&amp;amp;_docanchor=&amp;amp;view=c&amp;amp;_ct=367&amp;amp;_acct=C000050221&amp;amp;_version=1&amp;amp;_urlVersion=0&amp;amp;_userid=10&amp;amp;md5=64052ee8ed7a03778c1fbd30ceab1ad2#hit2&quot; style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 255); text-decoration: none; &quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;http://www.sciencedirect.com/scidirimg/sci_dir/prevterm.gif&quot; alt=&quot;previous term&quot; title=&quot;previous term&quot; width=&quot;7&quot; height=&quot;11&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 1em; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; &quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;hit&quot; style=&quot;color: rgb(255, 0, 0); font-weight: bold; &quot;&gt;modeling&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&amp;amp;_udi=B6VF0-4V94X09-3&amp;amp;_user=10&amp;amp;_coverDate=05%2F31%2F2009&amp;amp;_alid=917157004&amp;amp;_rdoc=5&amp;amp;_fmt=high&amp;amp;_orig=search&amp;amp;_cdi=5996&amp;amp;_sort=d&amp;amp;_docanchor=&amp;amp;view=c&amp;amp;_ct=367&amp;amp;_acct=C000050221&amp;amp;_version=1&amp;amp;_urlVersion=0&amp;amp;_userid=10&amp;amp;md5=64052ee8ed7a03778c1fbd30ceab1ad2#hit4&quot; style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 255); text-decoration: none; &quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;http://www.sciencedirect.com/scidirimg/sci_dir/nextterm.gif&quot; alt=&quot;next term&quot; title=&quot;next term&quot; width=&quot;7&quot; height=&quot;11&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 1em; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; &quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;approach as a contribution to the General Systems theory. The basic concept of Representative Elementary Volume (REV) in soil physics and hydrology was transformed into the concept of Structure Representative Volume (SREV) which takes into account the hierarchical organization of the structured soil medium. The pedostructure is defined as the SREV of the soil medium and this concept is at the basis of the new paradigm including variables, equations, parameters, and units in soil physics, in a similar way that the REV is at the basis of the continuous porous media mechanics applied to soils. The paradigm allows for a thermodynamic characterization of the structured soil medium with respect to soil water content then bridging the gap between pedology and soil physics. We show that the two points of view (REV and SREV) are complementary and must be used in the scaling of information. This approach leads to a new dimension in soil&amp;ndash;water properties characterization that ensures a physically based&amp;nbsp;&lt;a name=&quot;hit4&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration: none; color: rgb(0, 0, 255); &quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&amp;amp;_udi=B6VF0-4V94X09-3&amp;amp;_user=10&amp;amp;_coverDate=05%2F31%2F2009&amp;amp;_alid=917157004&amp;amp;_rdoc=5&amp;amp;_fmt=high&amp;amp;_orig=search&amp;amp;_cdi=5996&amp;amp;_sort=d&amp;amp;_docanchor=&amp;amp;view=c&amp;amp;_ct=367&amp;amp;_acct=C000050221&amp;amp;_version=1&amp;amp;_urlVersion=0&amp;amp;_userid=10&amp;amp;md5=64052ee8ed7a03778c1fbd30ceab1ad2#hit3&quot; style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 255); text-decoration: none; &quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;http://www.sciencedirect.com/scidirimg/sci_dir/prevterm.gif&quot; alt=&quot;previous term&quot; title=&quot;previous term&quot; width=&quot;7&quot; height=&quot;11&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 1em; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; &quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;hit&quot; style=&quot;color: rgb(255, 0, 0); font-weight: bold; &quot;&gt;modeling&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&amp;amp;_udi=B6VF0-4V94X09-3&amp;amp;_user=10&amp;amp;_coverDate=05%2F31%2F2009&amp;amp;_alid=917157004&amp;amp;_rdoc=5&amp;amp;_fmt=high&amp;amp;_orig=search&amp;amp;_cdi=5996&amp;amp;_sort=d&amp;amp;_docanchor=&amp;amp;view=c&amp;amp;_ct=367&amp;amp;_acct=C000050221&amp;amp;_version=1&amp;amp;_urlVersion=0&amp;amp;_userid=10&amp;amp;md5=64052ee8ed7a03778c1fbd30ceab1ad2#hit5&quot; style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 255); text-decoration: none; &quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;http://www.sciencedirect.com/scidirimg/sci_dir/nextterm.gif&quot; alt=&quot;next term&quot; title=&quot;next term&quot; width=&quot;7&quot; height=&quot;11&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 1em; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; &quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;of processes in soil and the transfer of information from the physical scale of processes (pedostructure or laboratory measurements scale) to the application scale of the other disciplines (&lt;a name=&quot;hit5&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration: none; color: rgb(0, 0, 255); &quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&amp;amp;_udi=B6VF0-4V94X09-3&amp;amp;_user=10&amp;amp;_coverDate=05%2F31%2F2009&amp;amp;_alid=917157004&amp;amp;_rdoc=5&amp;amp;_fmt=high&amp;amp;_orig=search&amp;amp;_cdi=5996&amp;amp;_sort=d&amp;amp;_docanchor=&amp;amp;view=c&amp;amp;_ct=367&amp;amp;_acct=C000050221&amp;amp;_version=1&amp;amp;_urlVersion=0&amp;amp;_userid=10&amp;amp;md5=64052ee8ed7a03778c1fbd30ceab1ad2#hit4&quot; style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 255); text-decoration: none; &quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;http://www.sciencedirect.com/scidirimg/sci_dir/prevterm.gif&quot; alt=&quot;previous term&quot; title=&quot;previous term&quot; width=&quot;7&quot; height=&quot;11&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 1em; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; &quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;hit&quot; style=&quot;color: rgb(255, 0, 0); font-weight: bold; &quot;&gt;modeling&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&amp;amp;_udi=B6VF0-4V94X09-3&amp;amp;_user=10&amp;amp;_coverDate=05%2F31%2F2009&amp;amp;_alid=917157004&amp;amp;_rdoc=5&amp;amp;_fmt=high&amp;amp;_orig=search&amp;amp;_cdi=5996&amp;amp;_sort=d&amp;amp;_docanchor=&amp;amp;view=c&amp;amp;_ct=367&amp;amp;_acct=C000050221&amp;amp;_version=1&amp;amp;_urlVersion=0&amp;amp;_userid=10&amp;amp;md5=64052ee8ed7a03778c1fbd30ceab1ad2#hit6&quot; style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 255); text-decoration: none; &quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;http://www.sciencedirect.com/scidirimg/sci_dir/nextterm.gif&quot; alt=&quot;next term&quot; title=&quot;next term&quot; width=&quot;7&quot; height=&quot;11&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 1em; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; &quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;and mapping scale).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1-2</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="6.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ramon Filgueira</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jon Grant</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A Box Model for Ecosystem-Level Management of Mussel Culture Carrying Capacity in a Coastal Bay</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ecosystems</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2009</style></year></dates><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;The carrying capacity of shellfish aquaculture is determined by the interaction of cultured species with the ecosystem, particularly food availability to suspension feeders. A multiple box dynamic ecosystem model was constructed to examine the carrying capacity for mussel (Mytilus edulis) aquaculture in Tracadie Bay, Prince of Edward Island, Canada. Criteria for carrying capacity were based on chlorophyll concentration. The model was run in two different years (1998 and 1999) in which time series for three points inside the bay and a point outside the bay were available. This data set allows spatial validation of the ecosystem model and assessment of its sensitivity to changes in boundary conditions. The model validation process indicated that the differential equations and parameters used in the simulation provided robust prediction of the ecological dynamics within the bay. Results verified that mussel biomass exerts top-down control of phytoplankton populations.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="6.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Braudeau, E. , Mohtar, R. H. , El Ghezal, N. , Crayol, M. , Salahat, M. ,</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Martin, P</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A multi-scale ''soil water structure'' model based on the pedostructure concept</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. Discuss.</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2009</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.hydrol-earth-syst-sci-discuss.net/6/1111/2009/</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1111-1163</style></pages><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 2px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 2px; &quot;&gt;Current soil water models do not take into account the internal organization of the soil medium and, a fortiori, the physical interaction between the water film surrounding the solid particles of the soil structure, and the surface charges of this structure. In that sense they empirically deal with the physical soil properties that are all generated from this soil water-structure interaction. As a result, the thermodynamic state of the soil water medium, which constitutes the local physical conditions, namely the pedo-climate, for biological and geo-chemical processes in soil, is not defined in these models. The omission of soil structure from soil characterization and modeling does not allow for coupling disciplinary models for these processes with soil water models. This article presents a soil water structure model, Kamel&lt;sup&gt;&amp;reg;&lt;/sup&gt;, which was developed based on a new paradigm in soil physics where the hierarchical soil structure is taken into account allowing for defining its thermodynamic properties. After a review of soil physics principles which forms the basis of the paradigm, we describe the basic relationships and functionality of the model. Kamel&lt;sup&gt;&amp;reg;&lt;/sup&gt;&amp;nbsp;runs with a set of 15 soil input parameters, the pedohydral parameters, which are parameters of the physically-based equations of four soil characteristic curves that can be measured in the laboratory. For cases where some of these parameters are not available, we show how to estimate these parameters from commonly available soil information using published pedotransfer functions. A published field experimental study on the dynamics of the soil moisture profile following a pounded infiltration rainfall event was used as an example to demonstrate soil characterization and Kamel&lt;sup&gt;&amp;reg;&lt;/sup&gt;&amp;nbsp;simulations. The simulated soil moisture profile for a period of 60 days showed very good agreement with experimental field data. Simulations using input data calculated from soil texture and pedotransfer functions were also generated and compared to simulations of the more ideal characterization. The later comparison illustrates how Kamel&lt;sup&gt;&amp;reg;&lt;/sup&gt;&amp;nbsp;can be used and adapt to any case of soil data availability. As physically based model on soil structure, it may be used as a standard reference to evaluate other soil-water models and also pedotransfer functions at a given location or agronomical situation.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="6.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maina Kariuki</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Modelling the impacts of various thinning intensities on tree growth and survival in a mixed species eucalypt forest in central Gippsland, Victoria, Australia</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Forest Ecology and Management</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Australia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diameter distribution</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diameter growth</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thinning intensity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tree mortality</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2008</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12/2008</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2008.07.035  </style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">256</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2007-2017</style></pages><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;The response of tree survival and diameter growth to thinning treatments was examined over 29 years, in various thinning treatments established in a 21-year-old even-aged mixed species regenerating forest in Victoria, Australia. The treatments were control, crown release, strip thinning and three different intensities of thinning from below (light, moderate, and heavy). Each treatment was replicated three times in a complete randomised design. Logistic and multilevel regression analyses showed that tree survival, growth and thinning response (change of tree growth due to a thinning treatment) were functions of tree species, size, age, removed and remaining competition, as well as time since the treatment. Mean annual tree diameter growth in unthinned stands was highest for &lt;i&gt;Eucalyptus sieberi&lt;/i&gt; L. Johnson (1.9&amp;nbsp;mm) followed by &lt;i&gt;Eucalyptus baxteri&lt;/i&gt; (Benth.) Maiden &amp;amp; Blakely ex J. Black (1.6&amp;nbsp;mm), and lowest for both &lt;i&gt;Eucalyptus consideniana&lt;/i&gt; (Maiden) and &lt;i&gt;Eucalyptus radiata&lt;/i&gt; (Sieber ex DC) combined (0.7&amp;nbsp;mm). Diameter growth increased with tree size for both &lt;i&gt;E. sieberi&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;E. baxteri&lt;/i&gt;, but not for &lt;i&gt;E. consideniana&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;E. radiata&lt;/i&gt;. Smaller trees were more likely to die due to shading and suppression than their larger counterparts. A mortality model suggested, however, that both shading and suppression had very little effect on trees in both &lt;i&gt;E. consideniana&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;E. radiata&lt;/i&gt; species, which were less likely to die compared to trees in the other species. This result indicates that both &lt;i&gt;E. consideniana&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;E. radiata&lt;/i&gt; species may be relatively shade tolerant compared with the other species. Total thinning response was a sum of positive (increased growing space) and negative (thinning stress) effects. Following thinning, smaller trees showed signs of thinning stress for the first one or two years, after which the highest percentage thinning response was observed. While larger trees were initially less responsive to thinning, the rate of decrease in the response for subsequent years was greater in smaller trees than larger ones. The average amount of thinning response showed similar trends to diameter growth increasing from &lt;i&gt;E. sieberi&lt;/i&gt; (1.7&amp;nbsp;mm) through &lt;i&gt;E. baxteri&lt;/i&gt; (0.6&amp;nbsp;mm) to both &lt;i&gt;E. consideniana&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;E. radiata&lt;/i&gt; (0.5&amp;nbsp;mm). This translates into low average percentage thinning response in &lt;i&gt;E. baxteri&lt;/i&gt; (34%), twice as much in both &lt;i&gt;E. consideniana&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;E. radiata&lt;/i&gt; (69%) and highest overall percentage response in &lt;i&gt;E. sieberi&lt;/i&gt; (87%). Thinning response and the duration of this response appeared to increase with thinning intensity and was still evident 29 years after thinning. Heavy thinning did, however, reduce the number of trees to a severely under-stocked condition, which prohibited optimum site occupancy, requiring 29 years of post-thinning development for the heavily thinned stands to regain their pre-thinning stand basal area.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="6.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Michael T. Rose</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Angus N. Crossan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ivan R. Kennedy</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The effect of vegetation on pesticide dissipation from ponded treatment wetlands: Quantification using a simple model</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chemosphere</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cotton</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Herbicide</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Insecticide</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Macrophyte</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytoremediation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Runoff water</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2008</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">07/2008</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2008.04.059</style></url></web-urls></urls><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">999</style></section><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">72</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">999-1005</style></pages><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Field data shows that plants accelerate pesticide dissipation from aquatic systems by increasing sedimentation, biofilm contact and photolysis. In this study, a graphical model was constructed and calibrated with site-specific and supplementary data to describe the loss of two pesticides, endosulfan and fluometuron, from a vegetated and a non-vegetated pond. In the model, the major processes responsible for endosulfan dissipation were alkaline hydrolysis and sedimentation, with the former process being reduced by vegetation and the latter enhanced. Fluometuron dissipation resulted primarily from biofilm reaction and photolysis, both of which were increased by vegetation. Here, greater photolysis under vegetation arose from faster sedimentation and increased light penetration, despite shading. Management options for employing constructed wetlands to polish pesticide-contaminated agricultural runoff are discussed. The lack of easily fulfilled sub-models and data describing the effect of aquatic vegetation on water chemistry and sedimentation is also highlighted.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="6.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Andrea E. Rizzoli</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marcello Donatelli</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ioannis N. Athanasiadis</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ferdinando Villa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">David Huber</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Semantic links in integrated modelling frameworks</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mathematics and Computers in Simulation</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Integrated modelling frameworks</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Model linking</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Model reuse</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ontologies</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2008</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">07/2008</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">78</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">412-423</style></pages><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;It is commonly accepted that modelling frameworks offer a powerful tool for modellers, researchers and decision makers, since they allow the management, re-use and integration of mathematical models from various disciplines and at different spatial and temporal scales. However, the actual re-usability of models depends on a number of factors such as the accessibility of the source code, the compatibility of different binary platforms, and often it is left to the modellers own discipline and responsibility to structure a complex model in such a way that it is decomposed in smaller re-usable sub-components. What reusable and interchangeable means is also somewhat vague; although several approaches to build modelling frameworks have been developed, little attention has been dedicated to the intrinsic re-usability of components, in particular between different modelling frameworks. In this paper, we focus on how models can be linked together to build complex integrated models. We stress that even if a model component interface is clear and reusable from a software standpoint, this is not a sufficient condition for reusing a component across different integrated modelling frameworks. This reveals the need for adding rich semantics in model interfaces.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2-3</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="6.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>10</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">L. S. Vamvakeridou-Lyroudiaa, D. A. Savic</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">System Dynamics Modelling: A Tool for Participatory Simulation of Complex Water Systems within AquaStress</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software Meeting 2008</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Decision making</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Participatory process</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Simulation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">System Dynamics Modelling</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Water Systems</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2008</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">07/07/2008</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://centres.exeter.ac.uk/cws/downloads/cat_view/43-aquastress</style></url></web-urls></urls></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="6.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>5</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A. E. Rizzoli</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">G. Leavesley</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J. C. Ascough II</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">R. M. Argent</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">I. N. Athanasiadis</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">V. Brilhante</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">F. H. A. Claeys</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">O. David</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">M. Donatelli</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">P. Gijsbers</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">D. Havlik</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A. Kassahun</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">P. Krause</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">N. W. T. Quinn</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">H. Scholten</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">R. S. Sojda</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">F. Villa</style></author></authors><secondary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A. J. Jakeman</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A. A. Voinov</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A. E. Rizzoli</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">S. H. Chen</style></author></secondary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chapter Seven Integrated Modelling Frameworks for Environmental Assessment and Decision Support</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Developments in Integrated Environmental Assessment</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">environmental integrated modelling frameworks</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">knowledge representation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">model engineering</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">model management</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">modelling frameworks</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2008</style></year></dates><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></section><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%"> Elsevier</style></publisher><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">101-118</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9780080568867</style></isbn><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;In this chapter we investigate the motivation behind the development of modelling frameworks that explicitly target the environmental domain. Despite many commercial and industrial-strength frameworks being available, we claim that there is a definite niche for environmental-specific frameworks. We first introduce a general definition of what is an environmental integrated modelling framework, leading to an outline of the requirements for a generic software architecture for such frameworks. This identifies the need for a knowledge layer to support the modelling layer and an experimentation layer to support the execution of models.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The chapter then focuses on the themes of knowledge representation, model management and model execution. We advocate that appropriate knowledge representation and management tools can facilitate model integration and linking. We stress that a model development process adhering to industry standards and good practices, called &amp;ldquo;model engineering,&amp;rdquo; is to be pursued. We focus on the requirements of the experimental frame, which can ensure transparency and traceability in the execution of simulation scenarios and optimisation problems associated with complex integrated assessment studies.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;A promising trend for knowledge representation is the use of ontologies that have the capacity to elicit the meaning of knowledge in a manner that is logical, consistent and understandable by computers and the knowledge worker community. This new path in knowledge-based computing will support retention of institutional knowledge, while putting modelling back in the hands of modellers. Environmental modelling will then become a conceptual activity, focusing on model design rather than model implementation, with code generation being delegated to some degree to ontology-aware tools. In this respect, we envision the whole model lifecycle to change drastically, becoming more of a theoretical activity and less of a coding-intensive, highly engineering-oriented task.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="6.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>10</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Franco Salerno</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Emanuele Cuccillato</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Robert Muetzelfeldt</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Francesco Giannino</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Birendra Bajracharya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Paolo Caroli</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gaetano Viviano</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anna Staiano</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fabrizio Cartenì,</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stefano Mazzoleni</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gianni Tartari</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CONCEPT MAPS FOR COMBINING HARD AND SOFT SYSTEM THINKING IN THE MANAGEMENT OF SOCIO-ECOSYSTEMS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Third Int. Conference on Concept Mapping</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2008</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://cmc.ihmc.us/cmc2008papers/cmc2008-p190.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="6.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Douglas R Brown</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A spatiotemporal model of shifting cultivation and forest cover dynamics</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Environment and Development Economics 13: </style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2008</style></year></dates><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">643</style></section><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">28</style></pages><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Sustainable use of humid forest resources as a source of fertile land for cultivation requires long periods of fallow and the ability to move the zone of active cultivation from one location to another over time. At the individual field level, shifting cultivation is essentially a resource extraction problem akin to a pulse fishery &amp;ndash; a short period of intensive use of the stock of soil fertility followed by a long idle period permitting regeneration. This paper describes a spatiotemporal model of resource extraction adapted to the use of forest resources by shifting cultivators. Theoretically grounded in the spatial and household modelling literature, it is a structural simulation model of household decision-making, and includes a demonstration of the conceptwith a limited data set from southern Cameroon. Use of a stated preference approach to modelling decision-making identifies individual preferences and spatial path-dependency as important sources of shortened fallows and resource degradation.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="6.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>6</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alexey A. Voinov</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Systems Science and Modeling for Ecological Economics</style></title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2008</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Academic Press</style></publisher><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">432</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">978-0123725837</style></isbn><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Modeling is a key component to sciences from mathematics to life  science, including environmental and ecological studies. By looking at  the underlying concepts of the software, we can make sure that we build  mathematically feasible models and that we get the most out of the data  and information that we have. This book shows how models can be analyzed  using simple math and software to generate meaningful qualitative  descriptions of system dynamics. This book shows that even without a  full analytical, mathematically rigorous analysis of the equations,  there may be ways to derive some qualitative understanding of general  behavior of a system. By relating some of the modeling approaches and  systems theory to real world examples the book illustrates how these  approaches can help understand concepts such as sustainability, peak  oil, adaptive management, optimal harvest and other practical  applications.                                      &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Relates modeling approaches and systems theory to real world examples &lt;br /&gt;
* Teaches students to build mathematically feasible models and get the most of our the data and information available&lt;br /&gt;
* Wide range of applications in hydrology, population dynamics, market cycles, sustainability theory, management, and more&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="6.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jon Grant</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kristian J. Curran</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thomas L. Guyondet</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Guglielmo Tita</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cédric Bacher</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vladimir Koutitonsky</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Michael Dowd</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A box model of carrying capacity for suspended mussel aquaculture in Lagune de la Grande-Entrée, Iles-de-la-Madeleine, Québec </style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ecological Modelling,</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aquaculture</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carrying-capacity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ecosystem model</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Magdalen Islands</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mussels</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2007</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1/2007</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">200</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">193-206</style></pages><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;An object-oriented model of environment&amp;ndash;mussel aquaculture interactions and mussel carrying-capacity within Lagune de la Grande-Entr&amp;eacute;e (GEL), Iles-de-la-Madeleine, Qu&amp;eacute;bec, was constructed to assist in development of sustainable mussel culture in this region. A multiple box ecosystem model for GEL tied to the output of a hydrodynamic model was constructed using Simile software, which has inherent ability to represent spatial elements and specify water exchange between modelled regions. Mussel growth and other field data were used for model validation. Plackett&amp;ndash;Burman sensitivity analysis demonstrated that a variety of bioenergetic parameters of zooplankton and phytoplankton submodels were important in model outcomes. Model results demonstrated that mussel aquaculture can be further developed throughout the lagoon. At present culture densities, phytoplankton depletion is minimal, and there is little food limitation of mussel growth. Results indicated that increased stocking density of mussels in the existing farm will lead to decreased mass per individual mussel. Depending on the location of new farm emplacement within the lagoon, implementation of new aquaculture sites either reduced mussel growth in the existing farm due to depletion of phytoplankton, or exhibited minimum negative impact on the existing farm. With development throughout GEL, an excess of phytoplankton was observed during the year in all modelled regions, even at stocking densities as high as 20&amp;nbsp;mussels&amp;nbsp;m&lt;sup&gt;&amp;minus;3&lt;/sup&gt;. Although mussels cultured at this density do not substantially impact the ecosystem, their growth is controlled by the flux of phytoplankton food and abundance of zooplankton competitors. This model provides an effective tool to examine expansion of shellfish farming to new areas, balancing culture location and density.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1-2</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="6.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mark Gately</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The EROI of U.S. offshore energy extraction: A net energy analysis of the Gulf of Mexico</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ecological Economics</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">EROI</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Net energy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Offshore energy extraction</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2007</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">08/2007</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">63</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">355-364</style></pages><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;In 2004, the U.S. Department of the Interior's Minerals Management Service estimated that 49% of the oil and 57% of the natural gas yet to be discovered offshore in the United States are located in the Gulf of Mexico Outer Continental Shelf region. While the existence of these energy resources is critical to the nation's future economic well being, of equal importance is the amount of already extracted energy that will be required to deliver the new fuel to society in a useful form. The difference between the two energy quantities is the net supply. In many respects, net energy is the most relevant measure of fuel supply because it represents the energy available to produce final-demand economic goods and services. Unfortunately, there currently exists no standard procedure for determining net energy, and so the data are extremely limited and inconsistent. In this paper, we present an &amp;ldquo;energy return on investment&amp;rdquo;, or &amp;ldquo;EROI&amp;rdquo;-based approach. EROI is defined as the ratio of gross energy produced by an energy supply process to the total, direct plus indirect, energy cost of its production. If the EROI of an energy supply process is known, then it's net energy output can be derived easily given gross production data. Below, we specify an empirical computer model programmed to simulate the productivity dynamics of offshore energy extraction in the Gulf of Mexico and estimate the EROI of the &amp;quot;offshore process&amp;quot; over a twenty-year period (1985&amp;ndash;2004). At the conclusion of the simulation, the model calculates the EROI of the process to range from 10 to 25, depending on how energy costs have been defined. In comparison, it has been estimated that the EROI of U.S. domestic petroleum extraction in the 1930s was approximately 100.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2-3</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="6.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stina Edelfeldt</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Peter Fritzson</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evaluation and comparison of models and modelling tools simulating nitrogen processes in treatment wetlands </style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Simulation Modelling Practice and Theory</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Denitrification</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ecological modelling</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evaluation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Modelica</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nitrification</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nitrogen</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Treatment wetlands</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2007</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elsevier</style></publisher><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">26-49</style></pages><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;In this paper, two ecological models of nitrogen processes in treatment wetlands have been evaluated and compared. These models were implemented, simulated, and visualized using the Modelica modelling and simulation language [P. Fritzson, Principles of Object-Oriented Modelling and Simulation with Modelica 2.1 (Wiley-IEEE Press, USA, 2004).] and an associated tool. The differences and similarities between the MathModelica Model Editor and three other ecological modelling tools have also been evaluated. The results show that the models can well be modelled and simulated in the MathModelica Model Editor, and that nitrogen decrease in a constructed treatment wetland should be described and simulated using the Nitrification/Denitrification model as this model has the highest overall quality score and provides a more variable environment.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;From Bachelor thesis, http://liu.diva-portal.org/smash/record.jsf?pid=diva2:20221&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Modelica was compared with Simile, Stella and PowerSim&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;It would be interesting to evaluate the comments on Simile.&lt;/p&gt;</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="6.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">R. Seppelta</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">O. Richterb</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Corrigendum to “It was an artefact not the result: A note on systems dynamic” [Environ. Model. Softw. 20 (2005) 1543–1548] </style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Environmental Modelling &amp; Software</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2006</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">05/2006</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">21</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">756-758 </style></pages><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="6.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Douglas R Brown</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Personal preferences and intensification of land use: their impact on southern Cameroonian slash-and-burn agroforestry systems</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Agroforestry Systems</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Household modelling</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Intensification</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Preferences</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shifting cultivation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Spatiotemporal modelling</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sustainable forest use</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2006</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">03/2006</style></date></pub-dates></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Springer</style></publisher><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">68</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">53–67</style></pages><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Where long forest-fallows are no longer practiced, productivity declines in the absence of input substitution, as does the ability of subsistence farmers to earn an adequate livelihood from shifting cultivation. Land availability, population density and productivity-related factors such as soil fertility and labour requirements are not the only factors that affect fallow length and land use intensification in shifting cultivation agroforestry systems. Households surveyed indicated that various other decision criteria (e.g., proximity to other fields and the protection of land use rights) are important in land use decisions. Even though one quarter of households reported insufficient land resources to maintain soil fertility, few actually indicated that their choices were constrained by land availability. In fact, many cleared much younger fallows than strictly necessary based on the age of fallows available in their land holdings &amp;ndash; even those with fallows of sufficient age to maintain long-term productivity. This paper outlines an approach to quantify information about the household preferences that influence land use decisions, discusses the implications of these decision criteria for land use intensification and uses them to model household decision-making in a way that effectively simulates the spatial and dynamic mosaic of land use characteristic of shifting cultivation. Not only are non-productivity related decision criteria important in land use decisions in general; they also have a significant impact on land use intensification. In fact, the research described here demonstrates that both household-specific preferences and household-specific initial conditions can lead to intensification of land use apart from that arising due to increasing population density.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="6.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>6</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jerry Vanclay</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ravi Prabhu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fergus Sinclair</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Realizing Community Futures: A Practical Guide to Harnessing Natural Resources</style></title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2006</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/realizingfutures/_ref/home/index.htm</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">EarthScan</style></publisher><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">978-1844073849</style></isbn><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Through an easy-to-read narrative style and using real examples from Africa and Asia, this revolutionary book--part argument for the limitless power of human imagination and part practical manual for turning visions into reality--explains how to use a process of participatory modelling&amp;quot; to structure people&amp;rsquo;s learning and understanding of the natural systems they depend upon and how this can lead to better social and environmental outcomes.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="6.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jerome K. VanclayCorresponding Author Contact Information</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Spatially-explicit competition indices and the analysis of mixed-species plantings with the Simile modelling environment </style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Forest Ecology and Management</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acacia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Distance-dependent competition index</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eucalyptus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Individual-based modelling</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mixed-species</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Powersim; Stella; Systems dynamics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Simile</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vensim</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2006</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">233</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">295-302</style></pages><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Individual-based modelling and analysis of forest experiments has been made more accessible to researchers with the advent of modelling environments like Simile from www.&lt;span class=&quot;hit&quot;&gt;simulistics.&lt;/span&gt;com. Individual-based analyses of tree growth data offer insights not possible with plot-based analyses, especially when the original experimental design has been compromised by mortality or other unforeseen events. The paper illustrates how Simile can be used for individual-based analyses of mixed plantings, and how it can be used to explore the consequences of the resulting statistical models. A mixed-species planting of &lt;i&gt;Eucalyptus pellita&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;Acacia peregrina&lt;/i&gt; is used to illustrate possibilities.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2-3</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="6.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">R. Seppelt</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">O. Richter</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">“It was an artefact not the result”: A note on systems dynamic model development tools</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Environmental Modelling &amp; Software</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lotka-Volterra equation; Predator-prey modelling</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MATEMATICA</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MATLAB</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Model analysis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MODELMAKER</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Numerical ODE solvers</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Simile</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">STELLA</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stiff systems</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2005</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12/2005</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">20</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1543-1548</style></pages><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Environmental modelling is done more and more by practising ecologists rather than computer scientists or mathematicians. This is because there is a broad spectrum of development tools available that allows graphical coding of complex models of dynamic systems and help to abstract from the mathematical issues of the modelled system and the related numerical problems for estimating solutions. In this contribution, we study how different modelling tools treat a test system, a highly non-linear predator&amp;ndash;prey model, and how the numerical solutions vary. We can show that solutions (a) differ if different development tools are chosen but the same numerical procedure is selected; (b) depend on undocumented implementation details; (c) vary even for the same tool but for different versions; and (d) are generated but with no notifications on numerical problems even if these could be identified. We conclude that improved documentation of numeric methods used in the modelling software is essential to make sure that process based models formulated in terms of these modelling packages do not become &amp;ldquo;black box&amp;rdquo; models due to uncertainty in integration methods.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></issue><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;a name=&quot;SeppeltRicter2005News&quot;&gt;07             October: Integration methods test model added to the model             catalogue, &lt;/a&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;../../../../../../examples/catalogue/modeldescription.php?Id=predator_prey32.sml&quot;&gt;Lotka-Volterra             predator-prey model (Seppelt and Richter, 2005)&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;br /&gt;
The model is included in response to the call by &lt;a href=&quot;http://dx.doi.org/doi:10.1016/j.envsoft.2004.12.004&quot;&gt;Seppelt             and Richter (2005)&lt;/a&gt; for evaluation of the numerical methods of simulation modelling tools. Such evaluation is to be welcomed as it is required to provide confidence in results, though of course, the model itself must also represent the target system adequately for confidence. If either the model representation or numerical methods are flawed, the results will be flawed. Unfortunately, Seppelt and Richter (2005) report aberrant behaviour of Simile 3.2 though neither the authors nor we can reproduce the flawed behaviour. A &lt;a href=&quot;http://dx.doi.org/doi:10.1016/j.envsoft.2006.01.003&quot;&gt;corrigendum&lt;/a&gt;             has been published.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="6.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Legg, Christopher</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CamFlores: A FLORES-type model for the humid forest margin in Cameroon</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Small-Scale Forestry</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2003</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2003/05/07/</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11842-003-0016-4</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">211 - 223</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abstract&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;A FLORES-type model in the Simile modelling environment is being developed for three villages in the Humid Forest Benchmark area of southern Cameroon. The modelling project seeks to investigate the effects of introduction of new crop varieties and improved farming systems on the long-term maintenance of stable mosaics of forest and agriculture, within the context of the international Alternatives to Slash and Burn programme. Biophysical data have been collated, and socio-econnomic and tenure data have been acquired in spatially-explicit ways. Maps of land-cover at village and benchmark scale are being prepared from detailed and semi-detailed satellite imagery, using a nested legend system that allows linking of maps at different scales. These data enable the initial construction and parameterisation of the model, and will permit the extrapolation of the results of modelling from the villages to the benchmark, and ultimately to the whole of the Congo Basin humid forests. The prototype version of the model involves 10 households and about 500 land patches, and includes the three agricultural systems dominant in the southern more forested portion of the Benchmark (mixed food-fallow systems, forest melon fields, cocoa plantations) with no rental, sale or other transfer of land. Decision-making at the household level is essentially modelled deterministically, and labour productivity is assumed to be constant between households. This model is now complete, and once it has been adjusted and suitably parameterised, it will be applied to real data from the three test villages. This will require the addition of new farming systems, the introduction of modes of permanent or temporary transfer of land, and modification of the decision model to render it more realistic.ER  -</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="6.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>6</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John Wainwright</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mark Mulligan</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Environmental Modelling: Finding Simplicity in Complexity</style></title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">environmental modelling</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GIS</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2003</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://eu.wiley.com/WileyCDA/WileyTitle/productCd-0471496189.html</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wiley</style></publisher><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">430</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">978-0471496182</style></isbn></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="6.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muetzelfeldt, R. I</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Massheder, J.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Simile visual modelling environment.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">European Journal of Agronomy</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Declarative modelling</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Modelling</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Modelling environment</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Simile</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2003</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.simulistics.com/files/documents/SimilePaper.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">18</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">345-358 </style></pages><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Simile is a visual modelling environment that has been developed to overcome the problems involved in implementing agro-ecological simulation models using conventional programming languages: problems such as the effort and skill needed to program the models, the lack of transparency in models implemented as programs, and the lack of reuseability of models and submodels. It combines the familiar System Dynamics (compartment-flow) paradigm with an object-based paradigm, allowing many forms of disaggregation to be handled, as well as spatial modelling and individual-based modelling. Its visual modelling interface makes it accessible to non-programmers, at the same time allowing models to be largely self-documenting. Models can be run very efficiently as compiled C++ programs, and users can develop new visualisation tools for displaying model results. Simile has been used in international research programmes, including the modelling of Mediterranean vegetation dynamics and modelling the interaction between households and land at the forest margin in developing countries. Simile has been developed in a spirit of open standards for model sharing. Models are saved as a text file in a structured format, with a view to enable model sharing with other modelling environments and to encourage others to develop additional tools for working with models.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract></record></records></xml>
